Sound is one of the forms of mechanical energy and the two main characteristics of sound are intensity or power and frequency or wavelength of sound.their performance against the incoming sound wave, industrial silencers can be divided into two general groups of resonating and absorption silencers, the main difference between these silencers is the release of sound energy from the channeling system, which is one of the common examples of the use of resonating type silencers, their use in It is the internal combustion engines that distinguish absorption silencers from the resonator type based on the fact that the main and visible part of the act of muting the sound is achieved by changing sound energy to heat energy.The goal of this article is to design a muffler based on the breaking of sound frequencies resulting from the movement of fluid in the exhaust output of vehicles, which leads to a reduction of at least 50 db of sound and gives the operator enough peace and concentration. In this article, after examining three types of mufflers, absorbent mufflers that use the properties of porous absorbent material to absorb passing sound and are the simplest form of mufflers, have been selected, analyzed and reviewed and are suitable for the OM457 engine of Idem Industrial Company. It designed for maximum inlet exhaust temperature is 520 and for the maximum kW power is 315 with the maximum discharge relative pressure of 185 mbar for homogenization with the standard atmosphere.

Purpose: Resilience in start-ups is a challenging issue that has caught the attention of policymakers and business owners. The present study is an attempt to provide a model for DESIGNING the resilience model of start-up businesses as a path to the future of start-up businesses. Method: This research is practical in terms of purpose and from the perspective of data collection is a qualitative research that has been done by content analysis method. The data collection method is semi-structured interview. Interviews with participants continued until they reached the theoretical saturation point, which was achieved by conducting 15 interviews. Participants were selected by snowball and purposeful method and data analysis was done through three coding steps (open, axial, selective) with MAXQDA2020 software. Findings: Based on the research results, the components of "cognitive resilience, financial resilience, adaptive resilience" as well as the effective organizational factors of "precedent, drivers and boys and resilience consequences" were identified. In this research, foresight and futures studies were identified as the drivers of resilience of start-up businesses. Conclusion: Resilience enables businesses to respond effectively to the dynamic conditions of their environment and maximize their competencies through strategic foresight and as a result gain more value than their competitors in the field of business. In this regard, the integration of foresight in the process of business resilience can be suggested as a facilitator of drivers.

The purpose of the study was to design a curriculum for the elderly education based on dialogue education approach. Jane K. Vella is the setter of this approach and the most important feature of this approach can be considered its attention to the audience and their special needs. The method of conducting this research is the application of the recommendations of the dialogue education approach. Sampling among the elderly participating in the course was voluntary and by sending an invitation. In sending the invitation, an effort was made to cover the maximum diversity of education, gender, and social status. In order to select the content based on the participants' needs, the list of Iranian elderly's educational needs was given to the six elderly who attended the educational meetings for selection. After selecting the content, the elements of the dialogical curriculum were determined. In the implementation phase, changes were made to adapt to the context, in the design and implementation process, and all the implementation and design phases were validated by Vella and the team members. Considering the special characteristics of the elderly, such as having experience, independence and self-directedness, the curriculum used for them should be able to take into account these characteristics, and considering the high flexibility of the dialogue and listening approach, as well as the achievement of all learners to the goals of each meeting, the approach to design educational courses in centers whose audience is the elderly, can increase the effectiveness and attractiveness of the courses.

Identification of the exact location of an exon in a DNA sequence is an important research area of bioinformatics. The main issues of the previous signal processing techniques are accuracy and robustness for the exact locating of exons. To address the mentioned issues, in this study, a method has been proposed based on deep learning. The proposed method includes a new preprocessing, a new mapping method, and a multi-SCALE modified and hybrid deep neural network. The proposed preprocessing method enriches the network to accept and encode genes at any length in a new mapping method. The proposed multi-SCALE deep neural network uses a combination of an embedding layer, a modified CNN, and an LSTM network. In this study, HMR195, BG570, and F56F11.4 datasets have been used to compare this work with previous studies. The accuracies of the proposed method have been 0.982, 0.966, and 0.965 on HMR195, BG570, and F56F11.4 databases, respectively. The results reveal the superiority and effectiveness of the proposed hybrid multi-SCALE CNN-LSTM network.

This research was designed to achieve two objectives: a) DESIGNING a SCALE of teachers' instructional strategies and b) Validating the SCALE. To this end, Delphi method and content analysis were used to design the SCALE and a within group plan, using descriptive – survey method, was used to validate the SCALE. This study included two samples: for the first purpose of the study 43 teachers, through convenient sampling, were selected and for the second purpose 354 teachers, through stratified random multistage cluster sampling were chosen. To collect the data, two researcher – made instruments were employed. The first questionnaire included an open-ended question in which the teachers were required to list their instructional strategies in their class.The second questionnaire was a 29 – item SCALE in which the items were chosen from among the teachers` instructional strategies through content analysis and exploratory factor analysis. The results of the exploratory factor analysis showed that all of the teachers` instructional strategies can be classified in seven categories including strategies of learner – centered (cognitive activation), group – based education, focusing and motivating, providing an optimal environment, direct teaching (teacher – centered), controlling the educational process, and preparation. Teachers can employ various instructional strategies to provide appropriate learning environment for students and directly affect the quality of educational process.

Background & Objective: Today, Likert SCALE data is used in many studies in medical, educational, and psychometric fields to understand the attitudes of individuals. This study was conducted with the aim of correctly understanding how to design a Likert SCALE and to analyse the issues and challenges in determining the reliability and analysis of Likert SCALE data. Instruments & Methods: In the current review study, search engines such as PubMed, Google Scholar, and Science Direct were searched between May and August 2017. Based on the searched terms, 532 articles were primarily obtained; according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria of the study, eventually 60 articles were examined. Results: Using the 5-point SCALE is more common than other multi-choice options. Considering the option as intervals encourages people to answer the questions. While using Likert SCALE data, there are always decisionmaking challenges, especially when discussing the type of test to be used for parametric or non-parametric tests. If there is a presumption of the normalization of the distance data, independent t test is used for the two separate groups. Conclusion: In most of the Likert SCALE studies that have been carried out so far, there is some confusion or disagreement with how to design, construct, and analyse its data. Ultimately, although there is no detailed and comprehensive agreement on the design and analysis of Likert data, this study, with a general summary in this regard, has greatly curtailed the confusion.

Building a research questionnaire and using assessment tools play a crucial role in social, management and behavioral sciences. SCALEs and questionnaires are deemed wrongly as the same tools, but in spite of the similarities they are basically and technically different. Although making a research SCALE or questionnaire may seem quite an easy job for some researchers, gathered results by these tools are normally miles away from the reality. By this token, it necessitates some technical skills and scientific background. This article is to study the Likert SCALE, introduced by R. Likert in 1932, as the most commonly used assessment tools and the most recently published researches' findings are explored to build and statically analyze the produced results developed by Likert SCALE.

Assessment and control of operations within the organization is one of the ultimate goals of management accounting process. In this context the various scientific tools and models to suit the situation and operations of each organization is used. SERVQUAL model is one of the conventional and valid quality service models that use a standardized questionnaire that has been introduced by Parasuraman and Zeithaml. Quality Assessment of Research Services to assess competitive ability and academic research centers, including the issues that has been entered in this field.Paper, is the result of library research within the scientific methodology has been implemented and its purpose is design a tool for measure quality of research services in SERVQUAL model. In the context of the results of the study, assessment-based research services quality SERVQUAL model, which includes design parameters and the Research Service has been introduced.

Background: lameness is a costly and widespread health and welfare problem in intensive dairy production, and reliable automated methods to detect lameness are needed. Lameness may be detected through the measurement of weight in each limb that requires an understanding of how caws redistribute their weight in response to pain in one or more limbs. Objectives: This research was conducted with the aim of the Evaluation of weight distribution on each limb in lame and healthy cows by DESIGNING a splitted SCALE for weighing each limb. Methods: Sixty one sound cows were selected in an industrial farm and the distance between forelimbs, hind limbs and forelimbs and hind limbs were measured for DESIGNING a 4 plate SCALE, base to preliminary results dimension of each plate were d 100 x 50 cm and each plate were capable of weighing from 100 grams up to 450 kilograms and display the results in separate screens. In second step two groups of Lame (25 cows affected by digital injuries in last month) and Nongame (25 sound cows without any history of digital injuries during past three month) were weighed by designed SCALE for evaluation the possible different weight distribution among the limbs. Data reported descriptively and also numerical measurements were compared by Pair t-test and One way ANOVA, P value less than 0.05 consider as significant. Results: The weight on the injured limb recorded as 127.35±21.23 kg and healthy limb was against the diseased limb, 127.345±21.225 and the weight on contra-lateral limb recorded as 196.28±12.19, on diagonal limb recorded as 193.24±11.99 kg and on opposite limb recorded as 198.93±15.96. All data shows a significant less weight distribution on injured limb. Also distribution of the weight among high locomotion scored cows revealed a significant difference in weight bearing as the distribution were not significant in cows with less scores. Conclusion: Different weight distribution on limbs can be considered as a diagnostic tool for lameness. Weight distribution measurements may provide useful in-field techniques for lameness detection.